Because buyers attempted a single product purchase at each visit, a store could be visited up to 15 times. Buyers recorded carding (ie, age verification) and purchase attempt outcomes at each visit. Repeated purchase attempts for each product were then made by 5 buyers (aged 18-20 years) between August 2019 and March 2020 in all stores. Of the remaining 86 retailers, 100% sold cigarettes, 79.1% sold cigars, and 45.3% sold e-cigarettes. In brief, we drew a random sample of 100 licensed tobacco retailers, audited for product availability, and removed 14 retailers for liquor sales, safety concerns, permanent closure, or no sales of tobacco products.
This study followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology ( STROBE) reporting guideline.ĭetailed study methods are in the eAppendix in the Supplement. This cross-sectional study was determined to be non–human participants research by the Rutgers Health Sciences institutional review board thus, the need for informed consent was waived in accordance with 45 CFR §46. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.
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